Search results for "central nervous system infection"

showing 6 items of 6 documents

Is prolonged infusion of piperacillin/tazobactam and meropenem in critically ill patients associated with improved pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic an…

2016

Objectives: We utilized the database of the Defining Antibiotic Levels in Intensive care unit patients (DALI) study to statistically compare the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic and clinical outcomes between prolonged- infusion and intermittent-bolus dosing of piperacillin/tazobactam and meropenem in critically ill patients using inclusion criteria similar to those used in previous prospective studies. Methods: This was a post hoc analysis of a prospective, multicentre pharmacokinetic point-prevalence study (DALI), which recruited a large cohort of critically ill patients from 68 ICUs across 10 countries. Results: Of the 211 patients receiving piperacillin/tazobactam and meropenem in the DAL…

0301 basic medicineMalePenicillanic Acidintensive care unitlaw.inventionthienamycin derivative abdominal infection[SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseaseslawcentral nervous system infectioncreatinine clearancePharmacology (medical)Infusions IntravenouProspective StudiesInfusions IntravenousProspective cohort studyTazobactam Drug CombinationAged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Blood Chemical Analysis; Critical Illness; Female; Humans; Infusions Intravenous; Intensive Care Units; Male; Meropenem; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Penicillanic Acid; Piperacillin; Piperacillin Tazobactam Drug Combination; Prospective Studies; Thienamycins; Treatment Outcome; Pharmacology; Microbiology (medical); Pharmacology (medical); Infectious Diseasescritical illneMicrobial Sensitivity TestadultRespiratory infectionclinical trialMiddle Agedcontinuous infusionanalogs and derivativeIntensive care unit3. Good healthAnti-Bacterial Agentsantiinfective agentintravenous drug administrationIntensive Care Units[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and ParasitologyTreatment OutcomeInfectious DiseasesPiperacillin/tazobactammulticenter study (topic)SOFA scoreFemaletreatment outcome AgedIntravenousprospective studyHumanmedicine.drugsurvival rateMicrobiology (medical)medicine.medical_specialtyInfusionspost hoc analysirespiratory tract infectionCritical IllnessAged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Blood Chemical Analysis; Critical Illness; Female; Humans; Infusions Intravenous; Intensive Care Units; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Penicillanic Acid; Piperacillin; Prospective Studies; Thienamycins; Treatment Outcome; Pharmacology; Pharmacology (medical); Infectious Diseases030106 microbiologybloodstream infectionMicrobial Sensitivity Testsminimum inhibitory concentrationpiperacillin plus tazobactamMeropenemTazobactamArticle03 medical and health sciencescritically ill patientInternal medicineAnti-Bacterial AgentmedicineSequential Organ Failure Assessment ScoreHumansThienamycinsurvival timeblood analysiAgedPiperacillinPharmacologybusiness.industryBlood Chemical AnalysiMeropenemmajor clinical studySurgeryProspective Studiemulticenter studyPharmacology; Pharmacology (medical); Infectious Diseases[SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/PharmacologyThienamycinspiperacillin tazobactam drug combinationurinary tract infectionbusinessBlood Chemical AnalysisPiperacillin
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The burden and epidemiology of community-acquired central nervous system infections: a multinational study

2017

Ghaydaa, Shehata/0000-0002-3631-893X; Radic, Ljiljana Betica/0000-0002-8778-106X; Silva-Pinto, Andre/0000-0002-2077-3356; Cascio, Antonio/0000-0002-1992-1796; Bossi, Paolo/0000-0003-0135-0224; Stebel, Roman/0000-0001-6922-4465; Namani, Sadie/0000-0002-2411-8623; Chan, Phillip/0000-0002-4071-4409; Hargreaves, Sally/0000-0003-2974-4348; Artuk, Cumhur/0000-0003-0827-990X; Harxhi, Arjan/0000-0001-8518-7377; Larsen, Lykke/0000-0002-4113-4182; Uysal, Serhat/0000-0002-4294-5999 WOS: 000407582200010 PubMed: 28397100 Risk assessment of central nervous system (CNS) infection patients is of key importance in predicting likely pathogens. However, data are lacking on the epidemiology globally. We perfor…

0301 basic medicineMaleOutcome AssessmentAdverse Clinical Outcomemedicine.disease_causeCentral nervous system infections ; burden ; epidemiologyMedical microbiologyCentral Nervous System InfectionsOutcome Assessment Health CareEpidemiology80 and overAged 80 and overbiologyAge FactorsGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedCommunity-Acquired InfectionsInfectious Diseases[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and ParasitologyPopulation SurveillanceFemaleNeuroborreliosisHuman Immunodeficiency VirusMicrobiology (medical)Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyTuberculosisSettore MED/17 - Malattie Infettive030106 microbiologyBrain AbscessCentral Nervous System InfectionNeurosyphilisMycobacterium tuberculosis03 medical and health sciencesYoung AdultInternal medicineStreptococcus pneumoniaeJournal ArticlemedicineHumansAgedRetrospective Studiesbusiness.industryVaricella zoster virusmedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationHealth CareCross-Sectional StudiesCentral Nervous System DiseaseBrain AbsceHuman Immunodeficiency ViruImmunologybusiness
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Regulatory T cells selectively preserve immune privilege of self-antigens during viral central nervous system infection.

2012

Abstract Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are important for the attenuation of immune reactions. During viral CNS infections, however, an indiscriminate maintenance of CNS immune privilege through Treg-mediated negative regulation could prevent autoimmune sequelae but impair the control of viral replication. We analyzed in this study the impact of Tregs on the development of acute viral encephalomyelitis, T cell-mediated antiviral protection, and prevention of CNS autoimmunity following intranasal infection with the gliatropic mouse hepatitis virus strain A59. To assess the contribution of Tregs in vivo, we specifically depleted CD4+Foxp3+ T cells in a diphtheria toxin-dependent manner. We found …

Receptors CXCR3T cellImmunologychemical and pharmacologic phenomenaAutoimmunityBiologyCD8-Positive T-Lymphocytesmedicine.disease_causeCXCR3Lymphocyte ActivationAutoantigensT-Lymphocytes RegulatoryLymphocyte DepletionAutoimmunity03 medical and health sciencesMice0302 clinical medicineCentral Nervous System InfectionsImmune privilegeImmunitymedicineImmunology and AllergyAnimalsHumansEncephalomyelitisAdministration Intranasal030304 developmental biologyCell Proliferation0303 health sciencesImmunity CellularMice Inbred BALB CMurine hepatitis virusFOXP3hemic and immune systemsForkhead Transcription Factors3. Good healthmedicine.anatomical_structureViral replicationImmunologyAcute DiseaseCD4 AntigensLymph NodesCoronavirus InfectionsCD8030215 immunologyJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
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Healthcare-associated central nervous system infections.

2022

Purpose of review The aim of this review is to provide a practical and updated summary on healthcare-associated central nervous system infections and their management. Recent findings The term ‘healthcare-associated ventriculitis and meningitis’ has recently been coined and clinical practical guidelines have been published on the management of these nosocomial infections. Many aspects have still to be further investigated (e.g. cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, indications for novel antibiotics, intrathecal antimicrobial regimens). Summary Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for healthcare-associated central nervous system infections in patients with specific risk factors (i.…

Central Nervous SystemCross InfectionAnesthesiology and Pain MedicineCentral Nervous System InfectionsHumansHealthcare-associated central nervous system infectionsDelivery of Health CareAnti-Bacterial AgentsCurrent opinion in anaesthesiology
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Recommendations for enterovirus diagnostics and characterisation within and beyond Europe

2018

Enteroviruses (EV) can cause severe neurological and respiratory infections, and occasionally lead to devastating outbreaks as previously demonstrated with EV-A71 and EV-D68 in Europe. However, these infections are still often underdiagnosed and EV typing data is not currently collected at European level. In order to improve EV diagnostics, collate data on severe EV infections and monitor the circulation of EV types, we have established European non-polio enterovirus network (ENPEN). First task of this cross-border network has been to ensure prompt and adequate diagnosis of these infections in Europe, and hence we present recommendations for non-polio EV detection and typing based on the co…

0301 basic medicineEuropean levelRECOMBINATIONNeurological infectionReviewMOUTH-DISEASEmedicine.disease_causeEMERGENCEFecesCentral Nervous System Infections[SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseasesMedicineRespiratory Tract InfectionsCLINICAL SPECIMENSDiagnosticsDiagnostic Techniques and ProceduresComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSEnterovirusEnterovirus D Human3. Good healthEuropeDetectionPCRInfectious DiseasesINFECTIONS[SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseasesRNA ViralRNA INTERNAL CONTROLVp1 capsid proteinVirus isolation[SDV.MP.PRO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Protistology[SDV.MP.PRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/ProtistologyVirus03 medical and health sciencesVirologySURVEILLANCEEnterovirus InfectionsJournal ArticleRESPIRATORY VIRUSESddc:610TypingDisease burdenbusiness.industryOutbreakAMPLIFICATIONVirology[SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/BacteriologyEnterovirus A Human030104 developmental biologyEnterovirusCapsid Proteins[SDV.MP.BAC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology610 Medizin und GesundheitEV typingbusinessEuropean non-polio enterovirus network (ENPEN)Journal of Clinical Virology
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Infections of the Central Nervous System after Unrelated Donor Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation or Human Leukocyte Antigen–Matched Sibling Transp…

2016

We analyzed the incidence, clinical characteristics, prognostic factors, and outcome of central nervous system (CNS) infections in consecutive patients with receiving umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) (n = 343) or HLA-matched sibling donor stem cell transplantation (MST) (n = 366). Thirty-four CNS infections were documented at a median time of 116 days after transplantation (range, 7 to 1161). The cumulative incidence (CI) risk of developing a CNS infection was .6% at day +30, 2.3% at day +90, and 4.9% at 5 years. The 5-year CI of CNS infection was 8.2% after UCBT and 1.7% after MST (P  .001). The causative micro-organisms of CNS infections were fungi (35%), virus (32%), Toxoplasm…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsAdolescentCentral nervous systemHuman leukocyte antigenGastroenterologyYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesCentral Nervous System Infections0302 clinical medicineHLA AntigensInternal medicinemedicineHumansCumulative incidenceAgedTransplantationbusiness.industryUmbilical Cord Blood TransplantationIncidenceSiblingsIncidence (epidemiology)Hematopoietic Stem Cell TransplantationBacterial InfectionsHematologyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseTransplantationmedicine.anatomical_structureMycosesVirus DiseasesHistocompatibility030220 oncology & carcinogenesisImmunologyCord Blood Stem Cell TransplantationStem cellUnrelated DonorsbusinessToxoplasmosisEncephalitis030215 immunologyBiology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation
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